Fondazione Marisa Bellisario

L’IMPORTANZA DI CHIEDERE, PER IL CONTRASTO DELLE MOLESTIE SUL LAVORO

di Donatella Conzatti *

Domande lineari e poste tramite canali che garantiscano l’anonimato, possono diventare il discrimine tra una organizzazione che si pone in prima linea nel contrasto alle discriminazioni di genere e alle molestie sul lavoro e una che non si pone il tema o più probabilmente lo teme.

Le organizzazioni – gruppi, società, enti privati ed enti pubblici – che sposano il principio di tolleranza zero” verso le molestie sul lavoro, in piena sintonia con la Convenzione dell’Organizzazione internazionale del lavoro n. 190/2019 OIL ratificata dall’Italia con la Legge 4/2021, hanno il coraggio di chiedere.

Le organizzazioni conoscono i dati generali e li riconoscono come autorevoli perché rilevati e diffusi da soggetti come Istat, Cnel, We World, Ipsos. Si orientano a chiedere, per comprendere meglio il fenomeno e concorrere a ridurre la percentuale delle persone che sul lavoro non si sentono al sicuro, a proprio agio.

Secondo Ipsos “il 60% di lavoratori e lavoratrici è a conoscenza di episodi di violenza sul lavoro; tra le forme più diffuse, violenza verbale (56%), mobbing (53%), abuso di potere (37%). Il 62% delle donne non denuncia per paura di perdere il lavoro” e secondo Istat “le donne tra i 15 e i 70 anni che hanno subito una qualche forma di molestia o un ricatto per ottenere un lavoro e/o avere un avanzamento di carriera costituiscono circa il 15% del totale delle donne tra i 15 e i 70 anni (circa 2 milioni 68mila donne)”.

Alcune organizzazioni, consapevoli della mancanza ancora odierna delle norme di attuazione della Legge 4/2021, decidono comunque di attivarsi con buone pratiche, come le Survey interne. Quindi per conoscere la situazione all’interno della propria organizzazione chiedono: “Nell’ultimo anno si sono verificati, nei tuoi confronti casi di molestia, anche verbale, durante l’attività lavorativa”? ed anche “Nell’ultimo anno si sono verificati, secondo te, casi di molestie anche verbale, nei confronti di colleghi e colleghe durante l’attività lavorativa?”.

Chiedono, analizzano i dati aggregati delle risposte e non temono di “aprire un vaso di Pandora”, anzi, sono pronte a prendersi carico di qualsiasi situazione dovesse emergere come problematica.

Queste organizzazioni, hanno chiaro come a oggi le migliori linee guida aziendali per la prevenzione delle molestie sono quelle della UNI/PdR 125:2022, una prassi di riferimento che partendo dall’affermazione forte e chiara del principio di “tolleranza zero”, lo declina in un Piano di prevenzione molestie, che si snoda in una molteplicità di azioni concrete: informazione, formazione, survey (il chiedere), valutazione del rischio molestie, canali anche anonimi per la segnalazione di accadimenti percepiti come molesti, garanzie di assenza di ritorsioni contro le persone che hanno segnalato, chiarezza su soggetto e modalità di gestione delle segnalazioni e sulle necessarie azioni correttive.

La Certificazione aziendale parità di genere UNI/PdR 125:2022 quindi guida i vertici aziendali, il management e il Comitato Guida che vogliono essere coraggiosi e preparati ad agire in modo metodico e fattivo, promettendo nel contempo effetti positivi. Effetti positivi sul clima aziendale, sulla riduzione delle assenze e del turnover, sulla reputazione aziendale e la conseguente capacità di retention dei talenti. La Certificazione accompagna le organizzazioni a mettere sempre più a fuoco un’evidenza: se le persone stanno bene sul lavoro e sono naturalmente portate a riversarvi talento, tempo ed idee anche le organizzazioni avranno performance migliori.

Il principio della “tolleranza zero” può quindi essere un fattore competitivo distintivo che caratterizza un modo di stare sul mercato, socialmente sostenibile. Presentarsi alle conferenze stampa con un management paritario rassicurerà investitori ed investitrici e sarà uno ottimo biglietto da visita per attrarre nuovi talenti, sappiamo infatti bene quanto sia gli uni che gli altri siano esigenti nello scegliere dove investire risorse e futuro. Presentarsi alle fiere, mostrando non solo i propri prodotti e servizi, ma anche il proprio impegno nel concorrere ai migliori obiettivi dell’Agenda Onu, renderà l’azienda riconoscibile tra chi vuole “far rispettare i diritti umani per tutti e tutte”. E ancora presentarsi ai propri collaboratori ed alle proprie collaboratrici come una realtà consapevole, che ha scelto di formare il personale affinché tutti e tutte reciprocamente possano vedersi e considerarsi persone da rispettare, chiarirà l’impegno alla non discriminazione in tutte le fasi della vita lavorativa, dalla selezione, passando per la parità di retribuzione a parità di ruolo, fino ai passaggi di carriera, per arrivare ad accedere alle posizioni di leadership. Presentarsi ai propri stakeholder come una azienda che annualmente analizza gli indicatori-KPI qualitativi e quantitativi aziendali, anche sul fronte delle molestie e delle discriminazioni, ne rende esplicita la serietà e l’affidabilità.

Il primo passo per prevenire le molestie sul lavoro è semplice e concreto: chiedere.

* Dottoressa Commercialista e Revisore Legale, specializzata in parità di genere e D&I, sostenibilità e compliance aziendale. Già Senatrice della Repubblica, Vicepresidente e Segretaria della Commissione parlamentare d’inchiesta sul femminicidio

 

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100 commenti su “L’IMPORTANZA DI CHIEDERE, PER IL CONTRASTO DELLE MOLESTIE SUL LAVORO”

  1. The researchers didn’t observe statistically vital enchancment in PD
    or ALS affected person outcomes. Nonetheless, in sufferers with HD, there was some proof that creatine supplementation attenuated brain atrophy, suggesting some potential medical
    profit on this population. The purpose animal research could
    have yielded extra promising outcomes could additionally be because of the truth that people usually don’t present with symptoms of neurodegenerative issues (e.g., ALS,
    HD, PD, and so on.) till they have lost 70% or extra of their alpha neurons.
    On the opposite hand, results in muscular dystrophy populations have been extra
    promising as a result of the muscle is the first target. Nevertheless, evaluation of prime of the range RCTs found no significant improvement
    in muscle energy in metabolic myopathies [254].
    [32] Hair loss was not measured in these people, but quite a hormone
    referred to as dihydrotestosterone (DHT) was measured in the blood.
    DHT is a metabolite of testosterone, shaped when the enzyme 5-alpha-reductase converts free testosterone to DHT.
    Creatine has been proven to enhance train performance by increasing the quantity of ATP out there to the muscles.

    The AC[La-]+EPOCfast was assumed as the sum of ePCr and e[La-] estimated during the supramaximal effort (Bertuzzi
    et al., 2010; Zagatto et al., 2016, 2017a; Miyagi et al.,
    2017; Redkva et al., 2018). The oxidative pathway (eOXID)
    was assumed because the V˙O2 integral under the curve (i.e., V˙O2 area) subtracting the baseline V˙O2 area.
    The GXT was designed to final ∼8–12 min, according to tips
    to assess the V˙O2max and iV˙O2max (Howley et al., 1995).
    The GXT began at eight km⋅h-1, with 1.5 km⋅h-1 increments each 2 min until
    exhaustion (Brisola et al., 2015; de Poli et al., 2016; Zagatto et al.,
    2016). The choice between Creatine Nitrate and Creatine Monohydrate based mostly on dosage
    and usage primarily depends on your private preferences and objectives.
    When evaluating Creatine Nitrate with Creatine Monohydrate, it tends to be
    dearer than the opposite one. It includes several elements, that include the value of production, the addition of nitrate molecules, and the novelty of the
    product.
    Varied methods of preparation are used within the manufacturing of creatine dietary supplements.
    This elimination of water increases the concentration of creatine in the supplement dose.
    In Accordance to the Worldwide Society of Sports Nutrition, the utilization of creatine as a dietary complement within established
    tips is protected and effective. It improves not only power and lean body
    mass but also proven to be helpful in stopping injury
    (3). Creatine is amongst the hottest nutritional aids known to reinforce
    athletic efficiency.
    5 hundred pounds of cranberries will offer you just five
    grams of creatine (18). Tuna has extra purple muscle
    than another fish as they literally do not cease swimming.
    To burn the oxygen required by these hefty piscine muscles, tuna has myoglobin, a sort of protein in their muscle.
    Even although Cod just isn’t promoted as wholesome food,
    it’s filled with lean protein, creatine, vitamin B advanced, and minerals.
    Among the salt-water fishes, Herring contains the best amount of creatine.

    When compared to other fishes it is likely one of the cleanest ocean fish containing very low quantities of
    mercury.
    However, these are sometimes gentle and can typically be mitigated by proper hydration and dosage.
    It principally consists of creatine dissolved in water,
    usually with a quantity of added vitamins and
    amino acids. Buffered Creatine
Buffered or pH-corrected creatine
    is solely creatine monohydrate mixed with sodium bicarbonate (aka plain ol’ baking soda).
    Though buffered creatine has been heavily marketed through the years, there is no
    analysis to help the claims that it offers higher absorption than creatine monohydrate.
    Its reputation has been declining in latest times, particularly
    since creatine HCl hit the market. Since there isn’t any good proof that buffered types present
    distinctive advantages, creatine monohydrate is the winner.
    However, a research instantly evaluating buffered and monohydrate
    types discovered no variations with reference to effectiveness or unwanted effects
    (31).
    This form of creatine is meant to supply additional help for ATP manufacturing, however there is no research
    to help that notion. This form of creatine was well-liked for a short while, because
    it was supposed to offer for higher absorption. The
    popularity of CEE didn’t final very long as most users found it to be no more effective than creatine monohydrate, but much more expensive.
    Creatine Magnesium Chelate
Creatine magnesium chelate is a patented 
    form of creatine branded as Creatine MagnaPower from Albion Human Diet,
    one of the world leaders in chelated mineral science.

    Creatine is a naturally occurring compound that has gained widespread
    reputation as a dietary supplement, notably among athletes and bodybuilders looking for to boost their performance and muscle mass.
    Two frequent forms of creatine supplementation are creatine monohydrate and creatine phosphate.
    This article delves into the science behind these dietary supplements, evaluating their chemical properties,
    biological roles, and effectiveness based on scientific research.

    However, it’s attainable that at the time of this evaluate,
    extra choices may be pending by regulatory authorities.
    Creatine has been mixed with totally different organic acids to kind creatine salts with
    the intention of utilizing acids that will create a synergistic impact or just
    improve the properties of creatine. A limitation of this approach is that efficient every day doses of creatine and the acid must match to attain meaningful
    physiological effects.
    Whereas earlier analysis primarily focused on mitochondrial bioenergetic roles,
    new studies have proven the significance of apoptotic
    signaling, mitochondrial biogenesis, and mitophagy within the development of cerebrovascular illness and stroke.
    Mitochondrial well being is subsequently essential for neurological survival and rehabilitation [198,199].

    Reperfusion damage is another acute complication feared by medical medical doctors involving mitochondria and scientific outcomes [200,201].
    Following reperfusion of the injured brain tissue, extreme ROS and calcium produced beneath hypoxic circumstances are washed in the body’s periphery, causing harm on cellular and molecular degree [202].
    Intracellular calcium deregulation enhances neuronal cell death after stroke,
    giving the stability of the mitochondrial (calcium) permeability transition pore (mPTP)
    a special predictive measure [203].
    After the creatine loading phase, you’ll in all probability transfer
    to a every day creatine monohydrate supplementation of 3-5 grams
    daily to take care of your gains. Research have proven that neuromuscular operate is
    positively influenced by creatine supplementation [51].
    Nevertheless, it is necessary to observe that efficiency enhancement is not solely unbiased of metabolic energy calls
    for. Creatine supplementation considerably elevated 15-s work output and FFM compared with baseline and placebo conditions.
    Nonetheless, no important variations have been found in capillary blood
    lactate accumulation (ΔLa) or glycolytic contribution. This HCL Creatine is
    renowned for its high solubility and bioavailability, making
    certain that your body absorbs and utilizes creatine
    efficiently. It Is a fantastic alternative for athletes aiming to enhance
    muscle energy, endurance, and restoration occasions.
    PCr ranges throughout the muscle are nearly 3 to 4 occasions more
    abundant than intramuscular ATP stores. While PCr is more copious than ATP, the rate in which ATP is utilized is more likely to exceed the overall
    vitality substrate regeneration essential at actions of high intensity.

    However, the PCr provide is enough in offering a
    brief ATP supply till other bioenergetic techniques reach maximal charges.
    When in comparability with creatine monohydrate, creatine ethyl ester was not as
    effective at growing serum and muscle creatine ranges or
    in enhancing body composition, muscle mass, energy, and power.

    “Where Swolverine’s Kre-Alkalyn shines is its ability to enhance VO2 Max and in flip, endurance and train efficiency.
    Impressed by findings like these above, Kaptsan and colleagues [181] examined whether creatine might improve neurocognitive and other symptoms in schizophrenia. The investigators randomized 12 patients with schizophrenia to creatine three g or 5 g per day or placebo for 3 months in a double-blind, crossover trend. The examine did not specifically assay for improvements in mood associated to creatine, though no significant difference had been noticed within the PANSS Adverse Symptom or PANSS Basic Psychopathology subscales, which might not directly seize depressive symptoms. Nevertheless, regardless of the proven benefits of creatine monohydrate, specialists and complement producers often declare that other creatine varieties, corresponding to hydrochloride, are better. Throughout the decades, countless athletes, gym-goers, and health lovers have supplemented with creatine to enhance their efficiency, increase strength features, and recuperate better following workouts. So, when it comes to creatine hcl vs monohydrate, you can’t ignore that creatine monohydrate is essentially the most thoroughly-researched kind. Based Mostly on what we’ve already mentioned, let us take a look at whether or not it makes extra sense for you to take creatine hcl or creatine monohydrate as your pre workout supplement for max endurance.
    We hypothesized that a combination of creatine monohydrate supplementation and resistance coaching may attenuate myostatin expression and modulate downstream targets, promoting extra accentuated changes in white gastrocnemius than within the soleus muscle. Combinations between train coaching and creatine interventions resulted in larger lean mass and lower muscle protein catabolism [10,11]. One Other potential effect of creatine supplementation is the adaptive modulation of myosin heavy chain (MyHC) isoforms in skeletal muscle fibers [12,13,14,15,16]. MyHC isoform profiles decide the muscle fiber phenotype; in general, predominantly MyHC I fibers have higher slow twitch-oxidative characteristics, whereas fibers containing extra MyHC II principally have a fast glycolytic metabolism [17,18]. Skeletal muscles have a diverse proportion and distribution of extremely adaptable fiber varieties in order that phenotypical features could be affected by several molecular signaling pathways, which regulate protein synthesis and myogenic activity [19,20]. Particular Person differences between creatine supplementation and (A) baseline and (B) placebo situation.
    Creatine phosphate is a form of creatine that has phosphorylated—or bonded to a phosphate molecule with the help of an enzyme referred to as creatine kinase. Optimal replenishment of creatine reserves was able (in experimental studies) to decelerate disease development of the opposite above talked about NCD and cardiomyopathy. Therefore, creatine supplementation has been identified to be of special therapeutic interest in treatment of cardiovascular ailments and their course [167,168]. The coronary heart has its personal four creatine kinase (CK) isozymes, proving the significance of making certain stuffed power depots [169]. A gradual discount of myocardial complete creatine content has been shown on persistent heart failure in human as well as animal studies [170,171,172,173]. The ratio of PCr/ATP has been defined to raised decide myocardial creatine metabolism [174].
    Tarnopolsky et al. chosen patients portraying this diagnosis and measured skeletal muscle CreaT protein along with sarcomeric mitochondrial creatine kinase protein content (mtCK) [18]. These outcomes indicate that lower ranges of CreaT protein is the main contributor to decreased whole creatine and PCr ranges in myopathies, and that creatine supplementation may present a beneficial remedy to restore these shops. Taking creatine supplements will increase your phosphocreatine shops, allowing your physique to supply more ATP and continuously gasoline your muscular tissues. This can improve athletic efficiency and permit you to push via high-intensity train. Athletes and bodybuilders use creatine Kre-Alkalyn and monohydrate supplements to increase muscle mass, strength, and athletic efficiency. Cornelissen et al [80] analyzed the consequences of 1 week loading protocol (3 X 5 g/d CM) adopted by a 3 month maintenance interval (5 g/d) on cardiac sufferers concerned in an endurance and resistance coaching program. Though CM supplementation didn’t considerably improve performance, markers of renal and liver operate had been within regular ranges indicating the safety of the utilized creatine supplementation protocol.
    Undoubtedly, the market provides various forms of creatine dietary supplements, and Creatine nitrate and creatine monohydrate are the 2 hottest. A Quantity Of research have evaluated the results of creatine supplementation in older populations in an attempt to stop sarcopenia, keep strength, and/or scale back the chance of chronic disease. On the other hand, research have shown that anabolic steroids improve muscle mass even with out exercise. Of course, no vital outcomes can be achieved with no devoted workout plan. The combination of anabolic steroids and exercise is the quickest and essentially the most certain approach to build muscle mass. Observe that if you are overweight, anabolic steroids won’t help you lose additional fat.
    Apparently wholesome resistance-trained males with no self-reported latest historical past of creatine supplementation were recruited to take part in this examine. Individuals have been recruited from the student population and from space fitness amenities. Participants completed demographic, health historical past and exercise history forms. These who met eligibility standards were informed of the requirements of the study and signed knowledgeable consent statements in compliance with the Human Topics Tips of Texas A&M College and the American Faculty of Sports Activities Drugs. Topics participated in a familiarization session that included training the Wingate anaerobic capability check. In regard to individuals identified with neuromuscular issues, it has been observed that whole creatine and PCr ranges are decreased in myopathies [23].
    It helps muscle tissue retain water, which is important for proper muscle function and total hydration status. This facet is particularly essential for athletes who interact in intense coaching and require optimal hydration for peak performance. The efficiency of creatine in the muscle energy metabolism is obvious in its widespread use among athletes and fitness lovers. Its capacity to improve high-intensity train performance is well-documented, making it a staple within the supplement regimen of many seeking to optimize their bodily capabilities.
    So, you should monitor your body’s response and adjust your supplementation accordingly. As creatine monohydrate is backed by intensive research and a confirmed observe record, most bodybuilders prefer it and likewise obtain wonderful outcomes. We should say that the selection between Creatine Nitrate and Creatine Monohydrate for bodybuilding is dependent upon numerous elements. Since both of them are a kind of creatine preferring which among the two for bodybuilding could be higher continues to be a puzzle. While comparing, creatine nitrate vs monohydrate, I found that nitrate is principally a more water-soluble version of creatine. Creatine monohydrate and creatine HCl are slowly however absolutely gaining traction as not simply ergogenic aids but also holistic wellness dietary supplements.
    This may be advantageous for people seeking to maintain a leaner appearance while chopping. Nevertheless, it’s essential to notice that the primary advantage of any creatine complement is to boost energy and performance, which may support more intense exercises and muscle preservation throughout a calorie deficit, regardless of the form. Regardless Of the claims that creatine HCL provides, similar to superior solubility and probably decreased side effects, creatine monohydrate is mostly considered the better option for most people. This choice is basically because of creatine monohydrate’s extensive body of analysis and confirmed observe record in enhancing performance, rising muscle mass, and bettering power. Creatine is a compound naturally found in small amounts in foods like meat and fish and can also be synthesized in the body.
    Research indicated that Creatine Nitrate just isn’t superior to traditional creatine monohydrate in performance measures. Aptly named, Creatine magnesium chelate is ‘chelated’ with magnesium, that means that a magnesium molecule is attached to the creatine phosphate group. John Bric, from The RX Review also commented on the variations between creatine monohydrate and Kre-Alkalyn creatine. We’re going to research the medical analysis backing these claims to find out which form of creatine is the most effective. Moreover, creatine HCL claims that it solves for stomach points similar to bloating and cramping.
    Creatine is a naturally occurring compound that’s made up of three amino acids – glycine, arginine and methionine. While several other forms exist, most of them have minimal analysis examining their effectiveness. The limited research inspecting liquid varieties indicates that they’re less efficient than monohydrate powders (32, 33).
    Creatine is a very fashionable and widely used bodybuilding complement by athletes and gym goers alike, for it has great skills for muscle development in a safe and efficient method. Creatine is a staple complement for a lot of as it is also extremely reliable, being a well-research product that leisure and professional athletes can trust. Relying on the opposite dietary supplements in your stack, similar to protein powder and pre-workout, creatine must be one and the advantages will make you wish to add it. As a trusted and extremely researched supplement, it is very important use this as an example of a protected and effective product when trying to add some muscle mass and strength gains.

    References:

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